Uzbekistan  
						 
						Uzbekistan   is one of five republics in Central Asia , which used to be part of the Soviet Union. It is bordered on the west and north by Kazakhstan, on the east by Kyrgyzstan, on the southeast by Tajikistan, and on the south by Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Uzbekistan includes the Karakalpak Autonomous Republic, which occupies about 37 percent of Uzbekistan's territory. Uzbekistan's land area totals about 447,400 sq km (about 172,750 sq mi). Tashkent is the capital and chief industrial and cultural center. Slightly more than 36 percent of the total population live in urban areas. 
						 Tashkent , the capital of Uzbekistan, is the largest city in Central Asia and the fourth largest in the former USSR (after Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Kyiv). Other major cities include Samarkand , Namangan, Andijon, and Bukhara . 
						
						Climate and the nature conditions of Uzbekistan  
						 
						The climate and the nature conditions of Uzbekistan  are among the most favorable in Central Asia. For example, in the former capital of Kazakhstan, Almaty, which is 502 mi northeast of Tashkent, the average annual temperature is 5-8 degrees lower. At the same time, 804 mi southwest of Tashkent in Ashgabat, the average annual temperature is 8-10 degrees higher.  
						The relatively temperate climate, plus the presence of irrigation water, enrich the land of Uzbekistan, which yields many fruit crops. The melons , grapes , apples , quinces , and pears  of Uzbekistan have an incredibly delicious taste. More than 60 species of orchards grow in Uzbekistan many of which started traveling around the world from their geographical centre of origin. 
						Zaamin mountain archa  state reserve area of more than 26 thousand hectares is situated in heights from 1760 up to 3500 meters above sea level. Juniper forests make up a special value and beauty of the reserve. The local type of this surprising and having become rare plant is accepted to be called archa  in Central Asia. It is relative to the well known cypress. Yet not so long ago the main tree of mountain forests of Uzbekistan was called a plant of not our epoch. Archa was related to extinct breed unmanageable for artificial reproduction. As scientists found out it were not so easy to reproduce it in natural way, besides, it grows very slowly. Only 700-800 aged trees reach 8-10 meters height. Trees which age exceeds a thousand and even three thousands years  are met in secluded mountain regions which are difficult of access. 
						 
						The nature of the Chatkal state biospheric reserve  in the west Tyan-Shan spurs locating on the heights from 1 100 up to 4 000 meters above the sea level and taking a square of more than 35 thousand hectares is inimitable and diverse. Mountain landscapes are distinguished here by their variety, wildness and beauty. The climate advantages of Uzbekistan attract mountain-skiers to the Chimgan-Beldersay area  near Tashkent, which belongs to Chatkal state biospheric reserve. The combination of snow and mostly warm, sunny weather makes the Chimgan and Beldersay ski slopes extremely popular. More than 27 thousand biological types are counted in ecosystems of Uzbekistan. The fauna is represented by 424 species of birds, 97 species of mammals, 58 species of reptiles and 83 species of fish. Plants, mushrooms and algae are represented by 11 thousand of species. Many animals and plants are endemic and are not met anywhere in the globe. 
						 
						PageTour - Uzbekistan tourist attractions  
						 
						According to definition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia a tourist attraction is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, or amusement opportunities. 
						So, what attracts tourist in Uzbekistan after all . According to the Statistical Internet Survey, carried out in May 7-August 27, 2008 by Pagetour jointly with Walter Kafer Fremdenverkehrdienstleistungen, the majority of those surveyed - 39%, visit the country because of their interest to architectural and historical sights of Uzbekistan . Another largest group - 24% visit Uzbekistan for the sake of acquaintance with culture, way of life and local customs . Thereby most of the tourists (63%) visiting Uzbekistan, consider as an attractions the following: historical places, monuments, museums and art galleries, ancient buildings and structures (e.g., ancient fortresses, mosques, madrasahs, libraries, former prisons, wells), national parks, national festivals and other cultural events. 
						This site, worked out as an information collection of Uzbekistan tourist attractions, advertises tourist attractions in very simple form with plenty of visual information. At this site you will find only those tourist attractions of Uzbekistan, which provide visitors a memorable experience for a reasonable admission charge or even for free. There aren't such places that are commonly known as tourist traps among attractions, presented by Pagetour. Discover on this website Uzbekistan tourism information relative to 204 sights  and attractions (not counting the hotels) on 5 maps  with descriptions available and with 448 photos  including: Tashkent  - 83 photos ; Samarkand  - 141 photos ; Bukhara  - 198 photos ; Khiva  - 26 photoss .  
						 
						74 hotels and resorts  (including: Tashkent  - 27 hotels ; Samarkand  - 14 hotels ; Bukhara  - 28 hotels ; Khiva  - 5 hotels ); with 542 photos . 
						 
						More than 120 photos  of Mountaineering in Uzbekistan. In all: 1103 photos . Plus Photo Clipart 1000% of Uzbekistan with about 1000 high-resolution photos available. Altogether: 2103 photos  are available with this site! 
						
						 
						
						
						
						
						
						Tashkent  
						Tashkent   
						- the economic, religious and political center of Uzbekistan.
						
						 Most travel involves entering and leaving Uzbekistan through Tashkent, the 
						capital city of Uzbekistan. Tashkent was the fourth largest city in the Soviet 
						Union but you wouldn't know it with the sheep that wander the streets under the 
						watchful eye of their turbaned shepherds. But as Tico after Tico races by, 
						followed by hundreds of Daewoo Nexias, and the metro rumbles underneath, you 
						begin to understand the complexity that is Tashkent. Though Tashkent is often 
						overlooked in the search for the Silk Road oasis towns of Samarkand, Bukhara and 
						Khiva, Today one can visit such striking sights as Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin 
						Bobo, Sheihantaur or Mausoleum of Zangiata. It is only Tashkent that melds 
						Sufism, Marxism and Capitalism, the East, West and Russia, as well as tradition 
						and modernism. Other Central Asian capitals lack the complexity and overall 
						cultural mix of Tashkent. 
						 
						 
						 
						Tashkent has several large luxury hotels along with relatively small cozy 
						private hotels of B&B pattern. It's quite true that there is no clear downtown 
						area in Tashkent. Therefore most of the hotels rightly assert that their 
						locations are near to downtown and airport, which is also located within the 
						city line. All hotels have shower or bath, toilet, TV set and telephone in the 
						rooms; conference hall and restaurant as common amenities. Most of the hotels 
						have a cozy courtyards. 
						 
						 
						 
						 
						
						
						Samarkand  
						 Samarkand  , 
						also Samarqand is perhaps the most famous city of modern Uzbekistan. 
						
						 The site of Samarkand was settled about 2000 BC. In times of old the city 
						was also known as Afrosiab, and also Maracanda by the Greeks. The city was the 
						capital of Sogdiana, an ancient Persian province, and was conquered by Alexander 
						the Great in 329 BC. It subsequently grew as a trade center on the route between 
						China and the Mediterranean region. In the early 8th century AD, it was 
						conquered by the Arabs and soon became an important center of Muslim culture. In 
						1220 Samarkand was almost completely destroyed by the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan. 
						 
						 
						It flourished again when Tamerlane (known as Timur locally) made it the capital 
						of his empire in 1369. As his capital Timur put Samarkand on the world map and 
						much of the architecture visible today was built by him or his descendants. 
						 
						
						 
						 
						 
						Now, when you seek accommodation in Samarkand, you don't have to feel uncertain 
						about the hotels. On this site we provide you with trust-worthy information 
						about best Samarkand hotels, which are not of soviet fashioned hotels, but the 
						modern hotels of present-day Samarkand. The existence in itself of such hotels 
						became possible only when soviet regime fell. Except two palaces all hotels 
						presented are relatively small private hotels. Therefore a difference between 
						the hotels is as the difference between people. Some is rich, another isn't too 
						rich, but is assiduous. We should then learn a difference between substantials 
						and circumstantials. 
						 
						 
						
						
						Bukhara  
						Bukhara   
						is one of the oldest cities of Central Asia.
						
						 Nevertheless, most of intact historic buildings in this city belong to 
						period of the late Middle Ages. Only numerous archaeological excavations in the 
						20-th century revealed thick cultural layers with traces of ancient settlements 
						in location of the present-day Bukhara.  
						In archaeological trenches at depth of 20 meters, archaeologists discovered the 
						remnants of dwellings, public buildings, and fortifications. They evaluated age 
						of these historical structures on basis of age of numerous archeological finds: 
						ceramic pottery, fireplaces, coins with images and inscriptions, antique 
						jewellery, artisans' tools, and the like. The most deep-seated layers, which 
						belong to the period of the antiquity from the 3-d century B.C. until the 4-th 
						century A.D., are also most thick. The upper layers belong to period from the 
						9-th century until the beginning of the 20-th century.
						 This 
						proves that Bukhara never changed its location but grew vertically over at least 
						2,500 years. 
						 
						The region of Bukhara was for a long period a part of the Persian Empire. The 
						origin of its inhabitants goes back to the period of Aryan immigration into the 
						region. Iranian Soghdians inhabited the area and some centuries later the 
						Persian language became dominant among them. Encyclopedia Iranica mentions that 
						the name Bukhara is possibly derived from the Soghdian "Buxarak" ("lucky 
						place"). Another possible source of the name Bukhara may be from "Vihara", the 
						Sanskrit word for monastery and may be linked to the pre-Islamic presence of 
						Buddhism (especially strong at the time of the Kushan empire) originating from 
						the Indian sub-continent. 
						
						Hotels in Bukhara   
						We provide you with truthful information about most significant hotels of 
						Bukhara, without pathetic element and overstatements. Most of the hotels in 
						Bukhara are private. Why it is important? Since it is a new phenomenon for the 
						young country. In the Soviet times it was impossible even to dream about private 
						hotel, individual taxi or restaurant. And the state hotels were often simply 
						awful. It is now a history where, we hope, Uzbekistan will never return. 
						 
						
						Khiva  
						 Khiva  
						is ancient Chorasmia and later known as Khwarizm and Khorezm. It is formerly a 
						large khanate (kingdom) of West Central Asia. Located south of the Aral Sea and 
						is now part of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. The ancient city Khiva is located in 
						Uzbekistan and is famous for its many historic buildings which are preserved as 
						a museum like walled city. Khiva is most intact of the ancient cities of 
						Uzbekistan. Most of its historical buildings are of 19th century creation, and 
						because of the excellent condition of its architecture, Khiva gives an excellent 
						idea of what other cities of Central Asia may have been like before. Khiva was 
						not from the beginning the capital city of Khorezm. Historians tell, it was 
						happened in 1589 when the Amu Darya, (ancient Oxus; Turkmen Amuderya; Uzbek 
						Amudaryo; Tajik Dar'yoi Amu - large river originating in the lofty Pamirs 
						Plateau,  
						 Central 
						Asia, about 2495 km (about 1550 mi) in length) had started back from doomed 
						former capital city Gurganchi (old Urgench). Amu Darya passed through the 
						Khanate and emptied in the Caspian Sea providing the ancient kingdom with water 
						as well as with a waterway to Europe. Over the centuries the river has shifted 
						its course several times. The last turn of Amu Darya at the end of 16th century 
						has killed Gurgangi. 150 km (about 93 mi) northwest of Khiva stand what had 
						remained of the ancient capital. The ruins now are situated in Turkmenistan, in 
						the neighborhood with the village called Kunya-Urgench, which means, "Old-Urgench". 
						As centuries ago, approx. 10-meter-high clay wall surrounds the inner city of 
						Ichan Kala. The inner city wall made of adobe (sun-baked) bricks (40x40x10 cm). 
						Foundation of Ichan Kala rampart is thought to date from fifth century. Ichan 
						Kala wall is 8-10 meters high, 6-8 meters wide and 2250 meters long. The ancient 
						city inside the Ichan Kala is densely packed into a space of less than a square 
						kilometer. 
						 
						Many visitors of Khiva stay in hotels in Urgench which is about 35 km away. But 
						there is no any good reason why you should not stay in Khiva, because there are 
						several good B&Bs in the town. 
						
						Hotel Islambek   is located in the northeast part of Ichan-Kala, a bit off 
						the main streets, which makes it relatively quiet in the evening. The rooms are 
						big and clean, with air-conditioning, bathroom (shower and toilet), and daily 
						service if wanted. This hotel operates as B&B. For the other meals – they don't 
						have a restaurant, but they offer dinners in the patio. 
						
						
						Malika-Heivak Hotel (former Lola)   is very good located - in the center 
						of Inner City - Ichan-Kala - among remarkable sights of ancient Khiva - Islam 
						Khodja ensemble, Pakhlavan Mahmud Mausoleum and Dzhuma Mosque. The hotel has 
						simply furnished rooms with bathrooms and AC. It also operates as B&B. if you 
						want to have other meals you should order in the morning.
						 
						
						Arkanchi hotel   is conveniently situated and are a reasonable value for 
						money you pay there. You can access the roof of the hotel, ideal to take 
						pictures at the end of the day when the light is soft. 
						
						
						Hotel Sobir Arkonchi   is situated in the historical Inner City of Khiva - 
						Ichan-Kala. Most of the hotel rooms afford a fine view to the walls of 
						Ichan-Kala and other remarkable sights. There are a big garden with fruit trees 
						and flowers and a summer swimming pool on the hotel site. 
						
						
						The Malika hotel   is part of a small chain of hotels. Rooms have AC, 
						private facilities, hairdryer etc. There is also a restaurant where breakfast is 
						served, and a gift shop. The best thing about this hotel is its location, right 
						opposite the west gate of the old city. If you are awake at the right time, you 
						can watch the sunrise over the city walls.   
						 
						
						23 Essential facts about Tourism in Uzbekistan  
						     
						1. Uzbekistan is a country of ancient high culture with its exceptional 
						architectural patterns.
						 
						   2. Many prominent people lived in Bukhara in the past. 
						 
						   3. Bukhara is the centre for trade and handicraft since times of 
						antiquity. 
						 
						   4. Bukhara has been the main spiritual, cultural and economic 
						center of Central Asia from ancient time. 
						 
						   5. The Architecture of Uzbekistan has been influenced by a diverse 
						array of architectural traditions such as Islamic architecture, Persian 
						architecture, and Russian architecture. 
						   6. Khiva is a museum under the blue sky.
						 
						   7. Ancient cities of Uzbekistan were located on the ancient Silk 
						Road, the trading route between China and the West. 
						   8. Uzbekistan is a country with vast underused capabilities in 
						tourism.
						 
						   9. Uzbekistan Mountains are an attractive place for those who love 
						active forms of tourism such as mountaineering, rock climbing skiing and so on.
						 
						   10. Samarkand is one of pearls of East.
						 
						   11. Ancient Khiva is one of three most important tourism centers of 
						Uzbekistan with great historical cultural and ethnographic potential.
						 
						   12. A large number of tourists have been visiting Uzbekistan 
						because of their religious-based interest. 
						    13. Uzbekistan cities including Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, 
						Shakhrisabz and Tashkent live on in the imagination of the West as symbols of 
						oriental beauty and mystery.
						 
						   14. The applied arts of Uzbekistan embrace a wide range of 
						materials used and methods of ornamentation.
						 
						   15. There are more than 160 Muslim relics located in Uzbekistan. 
						 
						   16. Bukhara carpets are very famous. 
						 
						   17. Bread is holy for Uzbek people. 
						 
						   18. Traditionally Uzbek breads are baked inside the stoves made of 
						clay called “Tandyr”. 
						&   19. Uzbekistan is well known for its chaikhanas (teahouses), where 
						men get together and spend time chatting and joking over a cup of tea.
						 
						   20. Uzbekistan is the most historically fascinating of the Central 
						Asian republics. 
						 
						   21. Today's Uzbekistan is one of the safest countries to go to for 
						tourism and cooperation. 
						   22. People in Uzbekistan are very hospitable, generous and kind. 
						 
						   23. Uzbekistan is different from both Asian and European countries 
						- it is unique. 
						
						Tourism in Uzbekistan  In Uzbekistan tourism  is regulated by 
						laws and development programs. The appropriate normative-legal base which 
						impacts the status of tourism was being formulated during almost 20 years in 
						Uzbekistan. 
						 
						The development of tourism in Uzbekistan has several stages. The first stage is 
						the organization of tourism as one branch of economy on the basis of enterprises 
						being of different ownership type - the State Committee of the USSR on Foreign 
						Tourism, the Bureau of Youth Tourism Sputnik within the Komsomol, the 
						trade-union organizations, etc. This period covers 1992-1995. Since this moment 
						there started privatization of tourist objects, construction of small private 
						hotels and it was a beginning of international tourist fair in Tashkent.  
						 
						The second stage covers 1995-2000. This stage is characterized as a time of 
						development of tourism infrastructure, creation of nongovernmental corporate 
						tourist associations. Within this period there were programmatic goals set such 
						as the Program of Tourism Development till 2005. There is a process of large 
						investments into hotel networks, expanding of small hotels network, providing 
						privileges to small and medium businesses. 
						 
						The third period covers the years since 2001 to the present. There is an 
						on-going privatization process of enterprises from the National Uzbektourism 
						Company. The interdepartmental agreements are concluded to facilitate tourist 
						procedures. The government attracts foreign investments and management companies 
						into tourism and hotel businesses. National tourist administration has been 
						instructed to develop draft Program of Tourism Development till 2010. 
						 
						The national legislation related to tourism provides favorable climate for this 
						sector of economy. There are privileges for tourist companies made in form of 
						joint venture. There are also some privileges for foreign investors to the 
						sphere of tourism. Besides that there are norms to support private tourism 
						business. 
						 
						The existing legislation includes a following list of most important 
						documents .
						The Law "On tourism"  was approved, by Oliy Majlis on 20 August 1999. It 
						regulates state policy in the sphere of tourism, defines legislative norms for 
						this sector of economy, including norms of relations between subjects and 
						objects of tourism. 
						 
						The Regulations "On the order of departure and entrance of tourists to the 
						Republic of Uzbekistan" . The appropriate provision has been approved in 
						order to regulate the entrance of foreign tourists into the Republic of 
						Uzbekistan and departure of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan abroad as 
						tourists, and to secure their safety. It was issued according to the Law of 
						Republic Uzbekistan "On tourism", Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the 
						Republic of Uzbekistan dated 28 July 2004 No.360 "On further improvement of 
						Uzbektourism national company activities". 
						 
						Regulations "On licensing of tourist activity" . The Resolution of the 
						Cabinet of Ministers dated 11 November 2003 No.497 stipulates the procedure and 
						rules for receiving the license for tourist activities various subjects of 
						managing. The Order of certification of tourist services. It was registered 
						within the Ministry of Justice on 18 March 2000 No.911. It contains general 
						provisions, rules and procedures of carrying out obligatory certification of 
						tourist services rendered by subjects of tourist activities and can be also used 
						in carrying out voluntary certification. 
						 
						The Resolution "On simplification of visa procedures for Italian citizens"  
						of the Cabinet Of Ministers dated 19 February 2003 No.85. The Ministry for 
						Foreign Affairs of Uzbekistan was entrusted to issue multi-entry visas for one 
						month to citizens of Italian Republic visiting Uzbekistan as tourists within two 
						working days with a waver of presenting tourist vouchers of Uzbektourism or 
						other tourist organizations. Note: the same procedure covers citizens of France. 
						Latvia, Great Britain, Spain, Austria, Switzerland, Japan, Germany and Belgium. 
						 
						"On granting exemption from customs duties to some tourist organizations" . 
						The Ministry of Finance (No.04-02-04/11) and the State Tax Committee (No.09-386 
						dated 12 January 1996) in order to implement the Decree of the President of the 
						Republic of Uzbekistan dated 2 July 1995 "On measures to facilitate 
						participation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the revival of the Great Silk 
						Road and to develop international tourism in the republic" consider it possible 
						to support the proposal of Uzbektourism regarding exemption of tourist agencies 
						in Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva and Tashkent cities from paying customs duties for 
						importing vehicles for their own use. 
						 
						The Decree "On measures to facilitate participation of the Republic of 
						Uzbekistan in the revival of the Great Silk Road and to develop international 
						tourism in the republic" . The decree of the President of Republic Uzbekistan 
						dated 2 June 1995. The document stipulates the following: 
						- To organize special open economic zones on international tourism in the cities 
						of the Great Silk Route - Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, and Tashkent; 
						- At the airports and the railway stations of the specified cities introduce 
						simplified order of customs clearance for foreign tourists, which corresponds to 
						international norms, and also special customs areas for transit tourists; 
						- To exempt from all kinds of taxes newly formed tourist agencies and the 
						enterprises of these cities for the period from the data of their establishment 
						till the date of receiving the first profit, but no more than three years from 
						the date of registration; 
						- The specified organizations and enterprises in the first year of receiving the 
						profit shall pay 50% of the profit tax, in the second year - 75%, starting from 
						the third year - 100%; 
						- To exempt foreign investors which set up joint ventures in the sphere of 
						tourism in Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva and Tashkent from the payment of exported 
						profit tax for the period of 5 years in addition to the privileges granted. 
						- To the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs in two 
						months term to identify common visa to foreign tourists, which is valid for the 
						whole territory of the Republic, except for the objects defined by the 
						legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 
						- To recommend commercial banks to provide credits to businessmen for 
						construction of private hotels and hotel infrastructure with the term of 
						repayment not less than five years; 
						- To establish Interdepartmental Tourism Council within the Cabinet of 
						Ministers, having defined its primary goals as: deepening of economic reforms in 
						the sphere of tourism; coordination of the development of the network of small 
						and medium hotels, motel and camping at a level of world standards; assistance 
						to the development of modern entertainment business, cultural and fitness 
						centers; organization of wide publicity and preservation of unique tourist 
						potential and historical and cultural heritage; carrying out coordinated 
						scientific, technical and investment policy in tourism; providing training and 
						retraining of tourism personnel. 
						 
						"The Order on entrance to and departure from the Republic of Uzbekistan of 
						foreign citizens and persons without citizenship" . The Resolution of the 
						Cabinet of Ministers dated 21 November 1996, No.408. Foreign citizens, including 
						citizens from CIS countries and without citizenship can enter Uzbekistan and 
						leave on the reasons of private and business affairs, as tourists, for rest, 
						study, work, treatment and on a permanent residence. Entry, entry-exit and 
						transit visas are issued by the consular officers. Multi-entry visas for the 
						period of one year are issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
 
						Sources:  
						  - 
						https://parus87.com/Read_More.htm  
						  - National 
						normative-legal documents of Uzbekistan on tourism development by BVV Business 
						Report Newspaper  
						  - 
						https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourist_attraction